Education as a Driver of Climate Resilience in Fiji: Integrating Climate Literacy, Indigenous Knowledge, and 21st-Century Competencies
DOI
Abstract
Climate change poses profound and escalating challenges for Fiji, affecting livelihoods, infrastructure, and social systems, including education. This paper examines the role of education as a critical driver of climate resilience by analysing how climate literacy, indigenous knowledge systems, and 21st-century competencies can be integrated to strengthen Fiji’s capacity to adapt to a rapidly changing environment. Drawing on regional policy frameworks, global climate education literature, and Pacific epistemologies, the paper argues that Fiji’s education system is uniquely positioned to generate long-term resilience through transformative teaching, culturally grounded knowledge, and future-focused skills development. It highlights how climate change directly disrupts learning, through displacement, extreme weather events, infrastructure vulnerabilities, and socio-economic pressures, while also demonstrating that well-designed education can empower communities with adaptive knowledge, problem-solving abilities, and intergenerational resilience. The analysis reveals that meaningful reform requires a synthesis of scientific climate literacy with indigenous ecological wisdom, supported by teacher capacity-building, curriculum reform, and community engagement. The paper concludes that repositioning education as a strategic climate adaptation tool is essential for Fiji’s sustainable development, national security, and the wellbeing of present and future generations.
Keywords
Downloads
References
1. Berkes, F. (1999). Sacred ecology: Traditional ecological knowledge and resource management. Taylor & Francis.
2. UNESCO. (2005). United Nations Decade of Education for Sustainable Development (2005–2014): International implementation scheme. UNESCO.
3. IPCC. (2007). Climate change 2007: Synthesis report. Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change.
4. Mercer, J. (2010). Disaster risk reduction or climate change adaptation: Are we reinventing the wheel? Journal of International Development, 22(2), 247–264.
5. Adger, W. N., Barnett, J., Brown, K., Marshall, N., & O’Brien, K. (2011). Cultural dimensions of climate change impacts and adaptation. Nature Climate Change, 1(2), 112–117.
6. Veikoso, J. (2012). Indigenous knowledge practices and environmental resilience in Pacific Island communities. Pacific Studies Review, 14(1), 21–39.
7. Barnett, J., & Campbell, J. (2013). Climate change and small island states: Power, knowledge and the South Pacific. Routledge.
8. Ministry of Education, Fiji. (2013). Fiji National Curriculum Framework. Government of Fiji.
9. UNESCO. (2015). Education for sustainable development: Learning objectives. UNESCO Publishing.
10. World Bank. (2016). Climate and disaster resilience in Pacific Island education systems. World Bank.
11. Mackey, B., Kormos, C., Lindenmayer, D., & Russell-Smith, J. (2017). Indigenous land management as a climate solution. Conservation Biology, 31(5), 944–946.
12. Nunn, P. D., & Kohler, T. (2019). Learning from the past: Using traditional knowledge to strengthen climate adaptation in the Pacific. Environmental Science & Policy, 94, 116–124.
13. Hay, J., & Pratt, C. (2019). Climate impacts and education vulnerability in Pacific Island nations. Pacific Climate Review, 11(2), 88–103.
14. UNICEF Pacific. (2020). The State of Pacific Children 2020: Climate, education and vulnerability in the Pacific. UNICEF.
15. Mansaray, A. (2020). Education for sustainable development and teacher readiness in climate-vulnerable regions. International Journal of Sustainability in Education, 19(3), 233–248.
16. Fiji Ministry of Economy. (2021). Climate change and adaptation strategy 2022–2030. Government of Fiji.
17. Ratuva, S. (2021). Indigenous knowledge systems and climate adaptation resilience in Oceania. Journal of Pacific Research, 34(2), 55–72.
18. UNESCO. (2021). Reimagining education for climate action: A framework for climate literacy. UNESCO.
19. Kumar, R., & Narayan, J. (2022). Climate resilience in Fiji’s education sector: Policy, leadership, and implementation challenges. Fiji Education Journal, 6(1), 14–29.
20. IPCC. (2022). Climate change 2022: Impacts, adaptation and vulnerability. Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change.
21. Sanga, K., & Thaman, K. H. (2023). Indigenous and culturally grounded pedagogies for climate resilience in the Pacific. Pacific Education Research Journal, 3(1), 1–18.
22. UNDP Pacific. (2023). Climate change and human development in the Pacific: Education systems under stress. UNDP.
23. Tuisawau, A., & Tiko, L. (2024). Integrating climate literacy into Fiji’s secondary school curriculum: Progress, gaps and future directions. Contemporary Pacific Education, 12(2), 77–99.
24. Pacific Islands Forum Secretariat. (2024). Blue Pacific 2050 Strategy: Education, climate resilience and sustainable futures. PIFS.
25. Narayan, S., & Lingam, G. (2025). Strengthening teacher capacity for climate resilience in Fiji: A post-COVID analysis. Journal of Climate and Education Studies, 5(1), 22–41.
Similar Articles
-
Related research
Education on the Frontlines of Climate Change: Repositioning Education Systems in Pacific Island States.
International Journal of Social Sciences, Language and Linguistics Vol. 6 No. 04 (2026): Volume 06 Issue 04Read article -
Related research
Education as a Climate Mitigation Agent: Reimagining Education Policy for Climate Resilience, Sustainable Economies, and Environmental Futures
International Journal of Social Sciences, Language and Linguistics Vol. 6 No. 09 (2026): Volume 06 Issue 09Read article -
Related research
How Do We Teach for a Future We Cannot Know? Rethinking the Purpose of Education in an Age of Uncertainty
International Journal of Social Sciences, Language and Linguistics Vol. 6 No. 09 (2026): Volume 06 Issue 09Read article -
Related research
Bridging the Digital Pedagogy Divide in Fiji: Teacher Readiness, Student Competencies, and the Limits of Policy in the Fifth Industrial Revolution
International Journal of Social Sciences, Language and Linguistics Vol. 6 No. 05 (2026): Volume 06 Issue 05Read article -
Related research
From Chalkboards to Chatbots: Repositioning Education in the Age of Artificial Intelligence and Uncertain Futures
International Journal of Social Sciences, Language and Linguistics Vol. 6 No. 05 (2026): Volume 06 Issue 05Read article -
Related research
Decolonising Education in the Pacific: Balancing National Identity and Global Competencies in Fiji’s Education System
International Journal of Social Sciences, Language and Linguistics Vol. 6 No. 06 (2026): Volume 06 Issue 06Read article -
Related research
Who Is Responsible for the Climate Crisis? Education, Governance, and the Paradoxes of Modern Development
International Journal of Social Sciences, Language and Linguistics Vol. 6 No. 02 (2026): Volume 06 Issue 02Read article -
Related research
From Digital Divide to Digital Sovereignty: Heutagogy, Indigenous Knowledge, and Sustainable Futures in Tertiary Education
International Journal of Social Sciences, Language and Linguistics Vol. 6 No. 03 (2026): Volume 06 Issue 03Read article -
Related research
Human-Centred Leadership for Human-Centred Futures: Reimagining School Leadership in Fiji and the Pacific in the Era of the Fifth Industrial Revolution
International Journal of Social Sciences, Language and Linguistics Vol. 6 No. 07 (2026): Volume 06 Issue 07Read article -
Related research
Teaching with Emotional Intelligence: Repositioning Teacher Education for Holistic and Future-Ready Learning
International Journal of Social Sciences, Language and Linguistics Vol. 6 No. 04 (2026): Volume 06 Issue 04Read article